To securely browse the Web, HTTPS protocol is established. The secure protocol requests public certificate which is freely transmitted from a Web site to a client. The public certificate can be exported from Internet browser in Privacy-Enhanced Mail (PEM) format. If a certificate is exported from PKCS #12 or other formats, it includes Bag Attributes. Bag Attributes can be recreated from an Internet browser certificate information as well and they might be requested in some tools or software libraries to access a Web site in safely manner.
A sample of a PEM certificate.
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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-----END CERTIFICATE-----
A sample of a PEM certificate with Bag Attributes.
Bag Attributes
friendlyName: techjogging.com
localKeyID: 53 64 6A 61 20 33 36 30 39 36 35 38 38 33 31 31 31 32
subject=/CN=techjogging.com
issuer=/C=US/O=Let's Encrypt/CN=R3
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
MIIFOTCCBCGgAwIBAgISBIAlOcXvyAyEBqj0ULzsgUPOMA0GCSqGSIb3DQEBCwUA
...
SNEXHPbcvGKXBueNoAzCQFmHoh9wUy2mPN2/wmHxfGgt+U6ykDGU5FIiKVtO
-----END CERTIFICATE-----
FireFox browser
Click the lock (padlock) icon in the address bar.
Click Show connection details button.
Select More Information menu item.
Click View Certificate on Security tab.
Finally, click PEM (cert) link in Miscellaneous section.
Google Chrome browser
Click the lock (padlock) icon in the address bar.
Select Certificate menu item.
Click Copy to file... on Details tab.
Follow Certificate Export Wizard steps. Select Base-64 encoded X.509 (.CER) format.
Microsoft Edge browser
Export steps are the same as for Google Chrome browser.
Microsoft Internet Explorer browser
Export steps are the same as for Google Chrome browser. The padlock icon is located on the right side of the address bar.
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